video guide part 2

Rough Edit/ EDL/ Edit Long- RE SUBMISSION

As a editor job they upload their file using XML and  EDL this allows me as a editors to upload my rough cut on YouTube and put on my blog. You do this by opening up Final Cut and opening your work saving it as well. Then go on file and go to 'Export XLM file and saving it on the desktop. after sign in to your account and upload it on to YouTube and copy the embed code on to your blog.


                                                               

Edit Log 

1. upload all your footage into final cut and make an event for each scene you have shoot- this because you will know that all footage is there and you change the order. for example, 'She' i had to put all footage of street scene, all footage from train station scene and all the footage from house scene into separate events and bins. this was very important in the old days, when they did not have final cut because they had to cut scene and put them in the bins. 

2. when you have all the footage into different bins then scan through each shoot in different event and note down if it is good shoot or bad shoot and what camera shoot is it and comment on it . This is because it make it easier to put it in a sequence making it flow. When editing 'She' i put them into bins and went through each shoot and comment if it good shoot and what camera shot it is because i can put different shoot into the short film, such close up and over the shoulder shoot.  

3. when putting the shoots into different bins and commenting on the shoot then put them into linear sequence then when you get the story right then start to change the story and cut out the shoot that you do not needed. Making a non-linear e.g flash black sequence. For 'She ' i made a linear sequence and put them in order change some shoots and not using some shoot. This is important because before using non- linear structure you must put them in linear order. 

4. After that upload sound into the film (making sure that is not copy right). You do this by going in final cut and go to music and click on the sound that is suited for that scene. For 'She' i add music to build up tension and give that effect such as the sound of train, sound of the door closing  and sound of the car. by this it would make it effective. 

5. After the sound an editor can add effect such as lightening to make a horror or thriller. by this it would give an different effect on the scene and change the atmosphere and the mood. For the short film 'She' that i edit i was not able to do that because i did not have that much time. in the film world time is really important because time cost money, also if director is paying you to do editing in small amount of time e.g. 1 hour the director  expects it to be done.      

6. When finishing all the edit go to file and scroll down Export XLM. when its loaded sign into your Gmail account  and go to YouTube and upload file. when its loaded share it and copy the embed code and put it on your blog. 

Overall these are really important steps to follow when coming to editing a short film because it makes it easier to follow and that way you will know that you have all the footage that is needed. also you would know that you have edit the film the correct way. 

Section1 and 3 Video Guide on Film Makers

Prepare for Editing (Bins Footage Screenshots)

Before editing a film you must put all footage in bins. Editors do this by copy all the footage that the director send to you then put them into separate bins for example, in this case street footage,train station footage and home footage. This is important to do put your footage in bins because it easy to find also the editor would know that he has all of footage for each bin. Also it is important that editors should name their events on left hand side so editor can find it easier. when editors are putting footage into bins it is important to say what shot it is and is it good shot or bad shot. This way editors will know which shot to use and if it is good shot  to use for the film. As putting the footage into bins it is important to scan all the scene of that footage so the editor would not waste time,since the editors has a certain amount of time.  

Jump Cuts

Jump cuts

Jump cuts were created in 1896 by Melies he was filming a bus coming out of a tunnel and his camera film jammed when it started filming again it filmed a horse cart going by and when he watched the film a jump cut was created making the bus look like it transformed into the horse cart, he used this in is magical shows to show people disappearing. Jump cuts were usually used to create magically effects during the 1800s but now in the present days jump cuts are been used to break continuity and therefore can fall under montage techniques. Jump cuts basically manipulates time and space as it can be used to show the passing of time in just one glance also uses combination of different shots but doesn't actually tell a story. When a jump cut is used most times there are no relationships between the two shots or just little therefore it can be seen as an alternative way of editing as it allows discontinuity and not continuity.

Motivated cut

Motivated cut:

 This is when a shot/ scene cuts to another scene to show an object or character that wast present in the previous frame. Its a mainstream style of editing as it doesn't break continuity, its normally used to create suspense or show conversations between two characters with different significant importance added to them in detail in those shots.The main purpose of the motivated cut is to actually make the viewers know what is going on it engages the viewers and also develops the drama it also uses a variety of different combinations of shot cutting at different pace and also following the action.

Rhythmic editing

Rhythmic editing is a series of shot, [1]an assembling of shots and/or sequences according to a rhythmic pattern of some kind, usually dictated by music. Eisenstein/Kuleshov  was the first to come up with rhythmic editing. This means that they can be rhythmic in a scene mostly rhythmic are use in an dramatic scene for example psycho film  the stabbing motion of him killing her, another example 'Hanna's Escape- Abort Abort!'  in this scene there was rhythmic of one of man walking towards Hanna and her shooting the dangerous people.

the purpose of using rhythmic in films to build up tension and drama in the scene by this it make more entertaining to views and also it creates mystery and suspense but in this case Hanna is using rhythmic out of anger. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GiNP82dVSIQ  

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GiNP82dVSIQ

https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1906417241893579020#editor/target=post;postID=1651142522350391243

180 degree rule

180 degree rule:

This an imaginary line that goes between two characters which the camera or set of cameras must not cross. Its a mainstream type of editing as it allows and keeps continuity. It uses different combination of shots such as shot reverse shot and over the shoulder shot to show conversation between two characters it also engages the viewer by letting them know who a character is talking to or talking about, the main purpose of the 180 degree rule is to keep one character on a particular and another character on the other side of the screen the rule also follows the action as it
happens. We can seethe rule been used alot in the trailer of man of steel mainly during conversations.

Seamless Editing

seamless editing is editing that the audience do not notice when watching a film or TV program. By this audience do not think what happen or went wrong. for example the might use jump cuts, cross cutting or or sometimes shot reverse shot.

Cross Cutting

Cross cutting is another word for Parallel editing this is when two more scenes [1]that often happen simultaneously but in different locations. If the scenes are simultaneous, they occasionally culminate in a single place, where the relevant parties confront each other. Cross cutting develop by D.W Griffith to create mystery and suspense in a scene, also by using this it tells a story. Cross cutting is use to make the audience think about the situation.

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[1] http://www.elementsofcinema.com/editing/parallel-editing/

Shot Reverse Shot

Shot Reverse Shot

Shot Reverse shot is, involves two characters having a conversation. You would have one character looking at the other, then we would have a reverse shot from that characters point of view. This is also known as continuity editing.The purpose of using short reverse shot to see character face whilst talking  instead focusing on one character when talking, by this you can see their emotions when talking and makes more interesting. 

As we can see from 30 seconds in the use of Shot rev shot was used, as the camera is positioned from over the shoulders of each character. It also portrays the relationship between the two characters. Each time a person speaks it automatically cuts to the main objective. Shot rev shot was developed by Dw Griffith. 

Cross Cutting

Cross- Cutting 
Cross cutting also known as parallel editing, is cutting between two different scenes that are happening at the same time.This technique was created and developed by D.W. Griffith. Cross-Cutting was first used in D.W Griffith's film "After many years" in 1908. The clip below shows an example of cross-cutting being used. The clip is from the film Quantum of Solace. In the scene, A man is being interrogated, the camera then cuts to another scene to show that somebody is approaching in a car. The purpose of Cross-Cutting is to show two important/relevant events in the story that are happening at the same time. Using Cross-Cutting makes the story of a film more interesting for audience. It also allows the audience to be introduced to new characters of the story.  

Jump Cuts

Jump cuts were created in  1896 by Melies  he was filming a bus coming out of a tunnel and his camera film jammed when it started filming again it filmed a horse cart going by and when he watched the film a jump cut was created making the bus look like it transformed into the horse cart, he used this in is magical shows to show people disappearing. the purpose of using a jump cut is to cover up the mistakes or to make film science fiction also it is breaking continuity.  

 

Jump cuts were usually used to create magically effects durine the 1800s but now in the present days jump cuts are been used to break contuinty and therefore can fall under montage techniques. for example Royal Tenebaums in this scene they uses jump cut of the man shaving and making himself up.

Rhythmic editing

Rhythmic editing is a series of shot, [1]an assembling of shots and/or sequences according to a rhythmic pattern of some kind, usually dictated by music. Eisenstein/Kuleshov  was the first to come up with rhythmic editing. This means that they can be rhythmic in a scene mostly rhythmic are use in an dramatic scene for example psycho film  the stabbing motion of him killing her, another example 'Hanna's Escape- Abort Abort!'  in this scene there was rhythmic of one of man walking towards Hanna and her shooting the dangerous people.

the purpose of using rhythmic in films to build up tension and drama in the scene by this it make more entertaining to views and also it creates mystery and suspense but in this case Hanna is using rhythmic out of anger.    

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[1]https://www.blogger.com/blogger.g?blogID=1906417241893579020#editor/target=post;postID=1651142522350391243

Modern time for film maker

Modern film makers are known as Auteur which is an artist which was inspired by the pioneers of films and was interesting in their work. Modern film makers were all attics with their own films using techniques such as jump cut and some use of montage editing such as cross dissolve here are the following:    

Hitchcock-1899

Hitchcock was born [1] in London on August 13, 1899, Alfred Hitchcock worked for a short time in engineering before entering the film industry in 1920. First becoming interesting in the film industry Hitchcock went to college Jesuit school St. Ignatius and afterwards going university of London  studying art course. [2] He eventually obtained a job as a draftsman and advertising designer for the cable company Henley's. By this Hitchcock follow the artistic side and start to be interesting  in writing making short articles about his emotions on conflicted.

 In 1920 Hitchcock[3] entered the film industry with a full-time position at the Famous Players-Lasky Company designing title cards for silent films. Within a few years, he was working as an assistant director. This shows that he was working behind the scene before directing his own film. 5 years later he directed his own film and gender of thriller film. [4]In 1929 he filmed ‘Blackmail’ is said to be the first British "talkie." In the 1930s, he directed such classic suspense films as The Man Who Knew Too Much (1934) and The 39 Steps (1935).  This shows that Hitchcock was very talent and had great ideas.

Hitchcock was influence by  numerous  of directors in film industry such as [5] F.W. MURNAU His purely visual storytelling approach inspired Hitchcock, beginning with the 1926 thriller, The Lodger.  So Hitchcock was inspired by his story telling techniques by this he made his film based on a thriller. Hitchcock was influence by Eisenstein for example physco he uses montage editing by  rhythmic of the man stabbing her which is isolated with phallic image and he use cross dissolve of her eyes as she dying and the plug show her life is go down the hole. Hitchcock use montage but not make you think politic but the style of artists. he took the arctics style but not political side to it but bring Hollywood and put intellectual montage.

Goddard-1950

Goddard was born in France on December 3^rd 1930  he was raised in France. [1]After World War II, Godard attended the Lycée Buffon in Paris. He moved back and forth between France and Switzerland for several years before settling in Paris in 1949. Due to this Goddard childhood was not very child like he was effect by the world war 2 after he went back to France to settle down. After Goddard went to university to study anthropology. Also New wave

In the 1950  Godard starting to be interesting in filming  and directed two short films such A ‘Flirtatious women’ an ‘Operation concrete’ this was the first scenes of Godard work in films. Going to the 1950  [2]Godard made his most influential film, Breathless (A bout de souffle), a contemporary update of the classic gangster movie, featuring a handsome young French criminal. Godard was first film director to put different genders into one for example romance, violence and drama in the same movie. Also Godard use loads of techniques like jump cuts which he was [3]influential   as its fragmented narrative and its jazzy depiction of youth culture.  [4]In a remarkable burst of creativity, Godard made 15 full-length features between 1959 and 1967. Such as Breathless with the little solider which was a political thriller. [5]Band of Outsiders, a stylish crime drama; Alphaville, which combined science fiction and film noir; Contempt, with Brigitte Bardot and American actor Jack Palance; and the darkly humorous road-movie Weekend. This are all films that Godard directed that has different emotion.

Godard use unconvential use of jump cuts by living and belief for example in breathless when driving and he stops also when one the man catches and he got the gun out of the car then jumps to him pulling the trigger. Also in breathless Godard breaks the 180 degree rule for instance when two man was chasing him. By this Godard was famous of using jumps. Are [6] jump cut is an elliptical editing technique which foregrounds the form and constructed nature of cinema. They are used to cover up the mistakes or to break continuity which time and space.

Godard use his movies to discontinuity he also want to break the rules, and he trying to make unseen  editing becoming visible. Hollywood continuity is make you follow the story. The french people wanted the audience and want them to think and want to challenge the american dominate, was film critics therefore he study them.    

Kubrick-1950

Kubrick was born July 26 in 1928 and grew in New York he was not good in school and did not enjoyed school but loved to read book until the age 19. Kubrick dreams was to become a writer or play basketball. In his early ages he starting to show creative due to photographic in the school papers and start to sell his photo in Look magazine. When figure out what he want to do he spent nearly time at the museum of modern art. [1]Toward the end of his high school career, Kubrick applied to several colleges, but was turned down for admission by all of them.

Kubrick starting to dwell deeper in filmmaking in 1950 and his first film [2]was an documentary shorts financed by friends and relatives. His first feature, the 1953 military drama Fear and Desire, was made independently of a studio—an uncommon practice for the time. That was the first film that he was taking part in. In his early stages in filmmaking he was responsible of the sound and editing and later on directing a film and writing and producing his own film. [3]Kubrick made 10 feature films from 1957 to 1998, with early releases including the acclaimed films Spartacus (1960); Lolita (1962),

[4]In 2001 he released his popular film ‘A Space Odyssey’ Kubrick was influence by Anthony Burgess who was a Writer and done some directing in middle 1950. Also he uses jump cuts influences by French, by this he want to be Auteur and artistic when coming to films. For example he uses jump as the monkey throwing the bone up in the air and its up in space by this he is breaking continuity by this jumps cut are supposed to make you think.  

Kubrick took the french inventions french them makes it for entertainment. he used jump cut in Clockwork Orange the scene brainwashing he use match on action and use the Kuleshow effect the boys eye went he getting traumatized by the footage and  Hall 9000 he use the Kuleshow effect of the eye showing that he frightening.  

Scoreless- 1970s

Scorsese was born November 17 in 1942 and was raise by Italian-American. As Scorsese was child instead going out and playing sports he stead in watching television and going to the cinema. In his early ages he began to take an interest in stories [1]about the Italian experience and films by director Michael Powell. By this he start to draw storyboard and further into his carer [2]Scorsese felt he was headed in the right direction when a 10-minute comedy short earned him a $500 scholarship to New York University.

After Scorces completed his MFA in filming [3]directing at NYU in 1966, Scorsese briefly worked at the university as a film instructor. In 1973 [4]directed Mean Streets, his first film to be widely acknowledged as a masterpiece. [5]1970s and 1980s, Scorsese directed hard-hitting films that helped define a generation of cinema. By the film taxi driver which won a award in one of biggest France Festival in France. This shows that he films are successful and audiences enjoyed it.

Tarantino 1968 
Tarantino was born in March 27 1968 and since moving to California at the age of 4 that was when he was passionate and interesting in film than interesting in school, also spent he times reading comics and watching films. In his early stages in his life Tarantino work for Video Archives, when he decided to write script for [1]True Romance and Natural Born Killers. His directorial debut came with 1992's Reservoir Dogs, but he received wide critical and commercial acclaim with Pulp Fiction (1994), which earned more than $108 million at the box office—the first independent film to do so. Tarantino  had quite successful years but there was some down falls in early career years.

In 2003-2004  Tarantino released a film called 'Kill Bill' which was one of the popular films at the time. Tarantino uses Griffiths idea of film is for entertainment then used  Eisenstein/Kuleshove idea of films to make you think then used both of their idea in his films for style.For example 'Kill Bill 2' fight scene Tarantino use some continuity editing such as follow the action by using this techniques the audience would follow the action. Another technique that he used creating pace which is the rhythmic  of her and her trainer fighting. However Tarantino breaks continuity by manipulating time and space on the fighting also he breaks 180 degree rule. he use sense of montage to make the audience know that it is stage.




Nolan- 1970 

Nolan was born 30 July in 1970 in London and as young age Christopher Nolan was interesting in films and starts creating film as a child  around 7 years old he also travel to London to America whilst growing up. Nolan went to university in London where he studies English  [1]literature and joined the school's film society. He created shorts like Tarantula, Larceny and Doodlebug before releasing longer-form work. Nolan brought the artist style into his films and his films are often non-linear structure and he breaks continuity in his films for example the film 'Inception' Nolan breaks continuity and manipulate time and space.

Nolan was inspired by Francis Bacon which is a famous  artist that draws in an unique way. For example, 'Batman the Dark Night  in 2012 Rises' that was one of best film of the year. Nolan  use loads of techniques for example cross cutting when the she was talking to the man. this makes the views think who is batman going to save,This technique was created and developed by D.W. Griffith. Also Nolan use match on action this was also to make the audience follow the action when batman went save that man. another techniques he used is manipulating space and time for example when fire explode at free different time at 3 different angle.. through out the scene he build up sequences of shots. another technique is motivation cut when the joker rang the phone and then cut to the scene when the phone was in an man body and exploded.

Another  film that he directed and made is 'Super Man man of steel'  the fight scene he use created pace which is rhythmic of superman and bad guy fighting who Eisenstein/Kuleshove started and develop also use match on action all the way through the scene. in 'The Inception'  Nolan breaks continuity bu manipulating time and space told through a different character. in this film it shows that it is not realistic because it does not happen in real life.  

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/quentin-tarantino-9502086#synopsis

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/christopher-nolan-20881457#early-years-and-training

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/martin-scorsese-9476727

[2] http://www.biography.com/people/martin-scorsese-9476727#synopsis

[3] http://www.biography.com/people/martin-scorsese-9476727#early-life

[4] http://www.biography.com/people/martin-scorsese-9476727#early-life

[5] http://www.biography.com/people/martin-scorsese-9476727#cinematic-success

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/stanley-kubrick-9369672#younger-years

[2] http://www.biography.com/people/stanley-kubrick-9369672#younger-years

[3] http://www.biography.com/people/stanley-kubrick-9369672#younger-years

[4] http://www.biography.com/people/stanley-kubrick-9369672#younger-years

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/jean-luc-godard-9313659#early-life-and-education

[2] http://www.biography.com/people/jean-luc-godard-9313659#paris-and-film-criticism

[3] http://www.biography.com/people/jean-luc-godard-9313659#paris-and-film-criticism

[4] http://www.biography.com/people/jean-luc-godard-9313659#paris-and-film-criticism

[5] http://www.biography.com/people/jean-luc-godard-9313659#paris-and-film-criticism

[6] https://ardfilmjournal.wordpress.com/2008/12/04/basic-film-techniques-the-jump-cut/

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/alfred-hitchcock-9340006

[2] http://www.biography.com/people/alfred-hitchcock-9340006

[3] http://www.biography.com/people/alfred-hitchcock-9340006#synopsis

[4] http://www.biography.com/people/alfred-hitchcock-9340006#a-gift-for-suspense

[5] http://www.ew.com/article/1993/01/15/who-inspired-alfred-hitchcock

[6] http://www.ew.com/article/1993/01/15/who-inspired-alfred-hitchcock

[7] http://www.ew.com/article/1993/01/15/who-inspired-alfred-hitchcock

  

Match on Action

Match on Action is form of continuity editing, it is cutting to shot then cutting to another shot to build up the action. Match on Action is used to get the audience attentions and it also creates drama and excitement. D.W. Griffiths stared to investigate the  match on action 180 degree rule  and found out some interesting fact on where to place the camera so it does not break the 180 degree rule. it develop by directors trying and finally go it right. Till this day on wards directors have been using match on action and the 180 degree rules sign of continuity editing.  match on action is mainstream due to the fact he flows under continuity 

The purpose why film makers use these techniques because it manipulating time and space, by this they are breaking the continuity. These develop and produce in America and use in most of his films. [1]Match on Action is an editing technique used in continuity editing that cuts two alternate views of the same action together at the same moment in the move in order to make it seem uninterrupted. This allows the same action to be seen from multiple angles without breaking its continuous nature.

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[1] http://collegefilmandmediastudies.com/editing/

Match on action is an editing technique which shows continuity shots  for example one shot can be a mid shot of girl looking at her car then another shot of  her opening in her car the another getting in her car and driving off panicking. by this is could cause tension. 

Here is video on match on action and 180 degree rule: 

these is another example on match on action from Rocky 3 when at the final fight when series of shot are put together to capture the action but follow the 180 degree rule by this it keeps the fight realistic. but using close up of their face to keep the action.    

Homework Wk 8 (due 11th November) Task: Produce an annotated Timeline Continuity Editing vs Montage Editing

1895- The Lumiere Brothers.

There are many Development of Technologies over the years in films for example The Lumiere Brothers. The Lumiere Brothers were very talent and was very good at science, they also send off to Technical School. In the early stages they experimenting with photographic equipment and by this the brothers notice different way to develop of photographic movement. [1]The brothers worked through the Winter of 1894, Auguste making the first experiments. Their aim was to overcome the limitations and problems, as they saw them, of Edison’s peephole Kinetoscope.

 By this stage the brothers notice some mistakes and areas to improvement for instance [2]the Kinetograph - the camera, was a colossal piece of machinery and its weight and size resigned it to the studio. Secondly - the nature of the kinetoscope is that the viewer can only one person could experience the films at a time.  By this the brothers start looking for possibilities of making the films better. So they invented the first camera in early 1895 which can print and has a projector the brothers called it Cinématographe. The  Cinématographe camera that The Lumiere Brothers invented was more smaller, light weight and hold a film speed of 16 frames per second which takes up less memory space when film also it more efficient. 

The Lumiere Brothers first film that was release publicly was on [3] 28th December at the Grand Cafe on Paris’s Boulevard de Capuchines. Then the brothers open up a theatre that was known as the cinema and few month later they started to brunch out to London, New York and Belgium. The first film that they played in the theatre was ‘The Arrival of the Train’ which was the first motion pictures showed in the theatre.  The Arrival of the Train’ is about a train arriving and people getting on it. As for people are watching this in a theatre they were amaze and frightening because they have not seen nothing like this before.

1896-Melies

Melies was born in [1]Paris in 1861 and from a very early age he showed a particular interest in the arts which led, as a boy, to a place at the Ecole des Beaux Arts in Paris where Méliès showed particular interest in stage design and puppetry. In 1888 Melies worked full time as theatrical showman and performances magic and illusionist techniques on stage.  When the Lumiere Brothers invent the  Cinématographe camera to the world Melies wanted to buy it but the The Lumiere Brothers.

After getting rejected by The Lumiere Brothers Melies deicide to study moving pictures and look at a different camera, soon after Melies made his own projector and film his first film in 1896 April 4^th.  Which is called ‘Trip to the Moon’ also he started to film other people film on his projector but only the ones from the [2]Kinetoscope but within months he was making and showing his own work, his first films being one reel, one shot views lasting about a minute. In 1896   Melies discovered change in filmmaking this is when Melies was filming bus driving through and when the camera was jammed and took a few seconds to fix it. When the camera started working the bus was gone and starting film carriage driving by. When he played it again he saw a bus disappeared and carriage appeared. This is when he started to build on and investigated more into that. By this   Melies stared filming some complex special effects. Melies also one of the first filmmaker to see nudity on screen which the film is called “Apres le Bal”. 

Edwin S. Porter-1895

Edwin S. Porter work for a company in New York in 1895 which he learn and develop engine skills also Porter work in [1]first projected movie that was showed in New York and by this he continued to show he engineering skills and whilst working as a projectionist, one of Porter’s many duties included the illegal duplication of Melies films. This shows that Porter was really influence by Melies and what do something like this. Latter on Porter made an attempt to create his own camera and projector but it turn out to plan. So he return to [2]Edison’s Company not in an engineering capacity but as a producer and director at Edison’s East 21st Street Skylight studio. This shows that Porter wanted more time and training to know more about movies.

In 190s Porter tried to do one of Melies sticks when he was first film and object disappeared and an another object reappeared and when doing this Porter was succeed in his own film [3] 'The Finish of Bridget McKeen' (1901) and 'Jack and the Beanstalk' (1902). Porter editing and special effect developed quickly in his early films and was the first one to tell story, use gender and footage in his films such as in[4] 'Life of an American Fireman' he adopted a documentary style of filmmaking. Also drawing lane at continuity.

By watching the audience reaction whilst watching his film he found an new way to tellimg stories and developing his ideas further in a year and show an show publicly the film 'The Great Train Robbery' which was the first good film to watch for months due to the film had a great storyline   [5]well composed, sophisticated camera work and an excellent climax, joined together by Porter’s excellent use of editing. As the years go on Porter made plenty of films for the company and left in 1909 and visit other companies. 

Eisenstein/Kuleshov- 1920  

Eisenstein/Kuleshov was born in 898 in Riga, Latvia, Sergei. In 1910 his family moved  to [1]St. Petersburg, where his training as an architect and engineer had a great influence on his future filmmaking. And by this he investigated  Leonardo da Vinci's work and was influenced by it. And by this [2]Eisenstein pushed the outer envelope of filmmaking. He attempted to understand how the sensations of the machine age could be incorporated in the grand style of the Renaissance. This shows that Eisenstein was looking for ways that to develop films further and make them better.

Eisenstein  was the first one to develop montage theory through theory which means [3]by editing--is unique to film (and now video). During the 1920s, the pioneering Russian film directors and theorists Sergei Eisenstein and Dziga Vertov demonstrated the technical, aesthetic, and ideological potentials of montage. So in 1920 he decided to be co-director as Eisenstein went to be co-director he [4]never forgot his political agenda and was to become the most noted filmmaker of the communist regime. This means that he put all his believes into his film making. The first film was based on a strike that was produces in  1924 he directed his own film which base on the idea of ‘strike ‘ and the following year he made a [5]film "Potemkin" was nominated for the best film so far.

This shows that he developing news ways to engage the audience. Eisenstein was influence by Griffiths  his work such as the 180 degree as the people  running away an people with guns  running after them. the film strike use montage of the  same cow shot to suggest that they will treated like animal and rights are not equal.

Griffiths was born in 1875, [1]in Floydsfork, Kentucky, D.W. Griffith worked as an actor and playwright before turning to cinema, creating highly innovative filmmaking techniques. By this he decide to create his own film using a various film techniques such as close ups jump cut etc. Also [2]He did acting work for the New York City film companies Edison and Biograph and went on to become a director of hundreds of shorts for the latter company .By this  Griffiths invented the continuity editing which allows him to make films within real space and time.

By the 1914 Griffiths he left the company and starting directing his own film which was called 'Birth of a Nation'   and realis it a year later the film involves civil war [3]and Reconstruction era. This was seen as Griffiths [4]storytelling forms, greatly influencing modern moviemaking and shaping ideas around audience cultivation. Even though Griffiths was racist against black people whilst offending black American and [5]a storyline that positioned the creation of the Ku Klux Klan as a means of vengeance over a woman's death. The film earned much criticism from a variety of avenues, including the NAACP, and riots broke out during showings. This show Griffiths was not a likeable person.  

The first signs of continuity editing was in a film ‘Greaser’s Gauntlet’ in 1908 when he use cut in. this is when he film a scene with two people at a tree then cut in making mid shot of the actors also to show the relationship between the actors.  By this the audiences would be more interesting because he film it at a different angle. By this he discover the 180 degree rule which discovered if you put the line of action he can avoid any continuity actions set in place

Later on D W Griffith start to develop continuity of editing in the film ‘ After many Years’ in 1908 when he uses cross cutting also known as intercutting this when he cut to two different scene in a parallel action for example the ship  wreak man and the women that he left behind. At this point people was amaze at his editing and people start watching his films. 

The creation of films did not start with the camera recording it started when a film is born in the edit which is called Montage which means assemble in French. He was the first film school boys to graduate.  

The first signs of montage editing  was an effect called ‘The Kuleshow Effect this when he film a shot of a person face then combing the shot of hot bowl of soup, a women in a coffin and girl on a sofa by this he shown different emotions and nature of the shot tiled through a story. By this he was able to change the meaning through the order of the shot. by this he using  the same shot of the man and creating different meaning by using the shot in different order. by this he is making the audience think what is happening in situations. montage is about the relationship between the shot and in our heads  

 Also he experimented landscape through creative geography catching different shoot in different location. By this it would create locations that is not realistic in that movie. By this audience would be amazed because they have not seen this kind of editing before.  

 Metric montage- cutting to beat is when in a music video they will stick to a beat for example jay-z music videos. Rhythmic- concerning rhythm of action in shot. for example horror film trailer is when beat is slow then increase beat  when the tension. another  montage  method tonal- looking style such lightening and shadow when editing. another one is over-tonal is concerning of  large sequence this happens in music video pretending  what their life is about. another one is intellectual or ideological is concerning idea. continuity steel the style and techniques in montage and use in music video but do not create the meaning.

However there was huge conflict between D.W. Griffiths and Eisenstein/Kuleshov work even though they were aware of each other’s work. Whereas D.W. Griffiths films are improve their knowledge to the audience with real space and time when he film a film called ‘Intolerance’ in 1916 which was famous in Russia for at least ten years. By this   Eisenstein/Kuleshov films were to break confines of space and time and to make films different way. By this they were genius of the time of films and saw themselves massive competition and wanted to be the best.   

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[1] http://www.biography.com/people/dw-griffith-9321016#synopsis

[2] http://www.biography.com/people/dw-griffith-9321016#synopsis

 

[3] http://www.biography.com/people/dw-griffith-9321016#

[4] http://www.biography.com/people/dw-griffith-9321016#

 

[5] http://www.biography.com/people/dw-griffith-9321016#

  

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[1] http://russianarchives.com/gallery/old/eisen.html

[2] http://russianarchives.com/gallery/old/eisen.html

[3] http://faculty.cua.edu/johnsong/hitchcock/pages/montage/montage-1.html

[4] http://russianarchives.com/gallery/old/eisen.html

[5] http://russianarchives.com/gallery/old/eisen.html

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[1] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/porter_bio.html

[2] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/porter_bio.html

[3] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/porter_bio.html

[4] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/porter_bio.html

[5] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/porter_bio.html

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[1] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/melies_bio.html

[2] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/melies_bio.html

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[1] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/lumiere_bio.html

[2] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/lumiere_bio.html

 

[3] http://www.earlycinema.com/pioneers/lumiere_bio.html